What is GFCI and how does it work?

A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) is a safety device designed to protect people from electrical shocks by detecting ground faults (a type of electrical fault) and immediately cutting off the power. 

It’s commonly used in areas where electrical circuits are at higher risk of contact with water, such as kitchens, bathrooms, garages, and outdoor areas.

How a GFCI Works:

1. Constant Monitoring:

• A GFCI outlet constantly monitors the current flowing through the circuit. It compares the amount of current going into the outlet (hot wire) and the amount returning (neutral wire).

2. Detecting an Imbalance:

• Under normal conditions, the current entering the outlet should be equal to the current returning. If there’s an imbalance—such as when current flows through a person who is grounded (e.g., standing on a wet surface) rather than returning to the neutral wire—the GFCI detects this difference.

3. Shutting Off Power:

• If the GFCI detects a difference of as little as 4-6 milliamps (a small amount of current), it quickly trips the circuit and cuts off the power to the outlet. This helps prevent a potentially lethal electric shock.

Where GFCI is typically used?  

• Kitchens: Where water and electrical appliances are often in close proximity.
• Bathrooms: Where moisture increases the risk of electrical shock.
• Outdoor Areas: Where outlets are exposed to rain or water.
• Garages and Basements: Where damp conditions are common.
• Pools or Spas: Where water increases the risk of electric shock.

Types of GFCIs

• GFCI Outlets: The most common type, replacing a standard outlet.
• GFCI Circuit Breakers: Installed in the electrical panel and provide GFCI protection to all outlets on the circuit.
• Portable GFCIs: Can be used temporarily, usually for outdoor equipment or tools.

Why GFCIs Are Important

• Protection from Electric Shock: They significantly reduce the risk of electrical shock, especially in wet or damp environments.
• Preventing Fires: By detecting ground faults, GFCIs can also prevent electrical fires caused by faulty wiring or appliances.

Signs a GFCI Needs Attention

• Tripping Frequently: A GFCI that trips frequently may indicate a wiring issue, ground fault, or faulty appliance.
• No Power After Reset: If the GFCI doesn’t reset or doesn’t restore power, it could be defective and should be replaced.

Testing a GFCI

• Monthly Test: Most GFCI outlets have a "Test" button and a "Reset" button. To test the GFCI, press the "Test" button, which should trip the outlet and cut the power. 
• Then, press "Reset" to restore power.

GFCIs are an essential safety feature that can prevent serious injuries or even fatalities caused by electrical shock.

IMPORTANT: ONLY PROPERLY WORKING GFCI WILL PREVENT AN ELECTRIC SHOCK.

• It is crucially important to test GFCI
• Manufacturers advise to test your GFCI monthly, however very few people do it monthly.
• At least test them on a “BIRTHDAY SCHEDULE”. 
• Test every GFCI in the house on each person’s birthday.
• This could be that most important gift of safety for your loved one.

These devices are installed in our homes to protect us from electric shock and possible death from it. 

Test them to keep the protection ACTIVE !